Plant, Soil and Environment, 2004 (vol. 50), issue 2
Characterization of Lactuca spp. germplasm by protein and molecular markers - a review
M. Dziechciarková, A. Lebeda, I. Doležalová, D. Astley
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(2):47-58 | DOI: 10.17221/3680-PSE 
The genus Lactuca L. belongs to one of the largest plant families, Asteraceae. Lactuca L. is represented by ca 100 species distributed in different geographical areas and ecological conditions. This is one of the reasons why this genus is characterised by very broad variation of different characters. Electrophoretic detection of some proteins (isozymes) has been applied to the study of genetic variability of Lactuca spp. individuals and populations. The development of molecular genetic methods (RFLP, Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism; PCR methods: RAPD, Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA; AFLP, Amplified Fragment Length...
Using DNA markers for characterisation of tomato resistance against root nematoden Meloidogyne incognita
S. Skupinová, P. Vejl, P. Sedlák, M. Bardová, L. Srbek, P. Klápště, M. Zouhar, B. Tesařová
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(2):59-64 | DOI: 10.17221/3681-PSE
CAPS (Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequence) method and standard infection tests were used for the study of tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) resistance against the root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita Kofoit and White). The CAPS method was used to determine genotypic constitution of Mi gene in ten Czech and four foreign varieties of tomatoes. Similarly were verified one hundred and twenty individuals of F2 segregated progeny of Nema variety and the same number of F2 progeny of Petopride variety. A comparison of results of infection test with results of molecular-genetic analyse...
Pre-selection of apple seedlings for partial powdery mildew (Podosphaera leucotricha Ell. et Ev. /Salm./) resistance
J. Blažek
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(2):65-69 | DOI: 10.17221/3682-PSE
Incidences of powdery mildew were repeatedly evaluated for two years on 1 420 young seedlings of 20 progenies (of different levels of mildew susceptibility) in a green house, and then for 10 years on 642 seedlings in an orchard. Part of the seedlings in the orchard were pre-selected for the characteristic and others not. Except for the first scoring done in the first year, there was no correlation between mildew incidence on individual seedlings in the green house and their mean performance in the orchard. The seedlings with scores above 6 (resistant or tolerant) at the first stage of evaluation in the green house, however, yielded four times more...
Study of European and Czech populations of potato cyst nematodes (Globodera rostochiensis and G. pallida) by RAPD method
P. Sedlák, M. Melounová, S. Skupinová, P. Vejl, J. Domkářová
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(2):70-74 | DOI: 10.17221/3683-PSE
Potato cyst nematodes (PCN) are the big problem in worldwide planting of potatoes and another Solanaceous plants. Identification of individual pathotypes according to international scheme is very demanding but a very important part of the phytosanitary process to control these pests. Molecular genetic identification of different plant and animal species or individuals is a very interesting way at the present time and let's hope that it will be important in future. This report presents results of the RAPD study of nine different real PCN populations. There were five Globodera rostochiensis populations and four G. pallida populations....
Detection of Tilletia controversa and Tilletia caries in wheat by PCR method
M. Kochanová, M. Zouhar, E. Prokinová, P. Ryšánek
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(2):75-77 | DOI: 10.17221/3684-PSE
Tilletia controversa and Tilletia caries were specifically detected in wheat plants by PCR using primers TILf (5´-CAC AAG ACT ACG GAG GGG TG-3´) and TILr (5´-CTC CAA GCA ACC TTC TCT TTC-3´). DNAs from uninfected wheat, rye, barley and triticale were not amplified. Natural infection of control plants by other species of fungi as Alternaria spp., Erysiphe graminis and Fusarium spp. proved the specificity of the test because even in this case no unspecific products were formed. This method can be very useful both for seed producers and for state officers checking the seed quality.
The effect of rapeseed stand density on the formation of generative organs
P. Kuchtová, J. Vašák
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(2):78-83 | DOI: 10.17221/3685-PSE
This experiment was carried out for the study of differences in dynamics of formation and reduction of generative organs from the beginning of the flowering to the harvest, under different stand density of the winter rapeseed. The evaluation of the results of the study of stand density, confirms that from the technological point of view it is appropriate to choose a thinner population of rapeseed. Starting with the stand density of 60 plants/m2 we do not observe significant differences in plants during the generative stage, neither in the number of branches nor in the number of created generative organs. At this density (60 plants/m2)...
Technological characteristics of newly developed mutant common winter wheat lines
M. Mangova, G. Rachovska
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(2):84-87 | DOI: 10.17221/3686-PSE
Fifteen hybrid-mutant lines and two direct mutant lines were studied in terms to their technological quality in 2000 and 2001 vegetation years. The hybrid-mutant lines were produced using chemical mutagen sodium azide at a concentration of 1mM on F2 seeds. For parent cultivars, promising and well adapted Bulgarian and foreign common winter wheat cultivars were used. The direct mutant lines were obtained by gamma-irradiation and sodium azide treatment of dry seed from cultivars. The differences of the following three characteristics: quality index, softening of dough and energy for dough deformation (W) of MX 77/14 compared to the total mean...
Influence of soil pH, rainfall, dosage, and application timing of herbicide Merlin 750 WG (isoxaflutole) on phytotoxicity level in maize (Zea mays L.)
J. Soukup, M. Jursík, P. Hamouz, J. Holec, J. Krupka
Plant Soil Environ., 2004, 50(2):88-94 | DOI: 10.17221/3687-PSE
Pot trials and field studies were carried out to describe the influence of soil pH and rainfall on the phytotoxic effect of the herbicide Merlin 750 WG (isoxaflutole) in maize. Symptoms as bleaching, and root and shoot weight reduction in early growth of maize were found. In pot trials, a statistically significant crop injury in early growth of maize was found only at the herbicide dose of 100 and 130 g/ha followed by 30 mm precipitation directly after herbicide application in soils with pH 6.5 and 7.2. Bleaching and significant weight reduction of maize up to growth stage BBCH 13 were observed in field trials at treatments with early post-emergence...